Obama the First Black President free essay sample

America with Barack Obama becoming the first black president of the United States. Overnight the African American population got an Image that they always wanted to have. It was the greatest political victory In the history of black America. During the 2008 presidential election Senator Barack Obama received support from many hip hop artists Like Young Jeez, Jay-Z, Drake and Will I am.These artists expressed their support for his election by mentioning Barack Obama ;s name and his political affiliations in their years or Just spread messages over the daily media which is used today like the Internet. The artists used Backbone, Youth, Twitter for telling the fans of their music to vote for Barack Obama. This support created a huge interest in politics amongst the younger generation and strengthened support among hip hop fans for Barack Beams election as President.Many people see Hip Hop as party music; where it should Just move the crowd, the link to gangs and rap, graffiti, breakneck, violence and the extraordinary lifestyle. We will write a custom essay sample on Obama the First Black President or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It Is not all like that It can also be regarded as literally Important; hip-hop has a long history of artists recording songs with explicitly political Intent. This term paper Investigates the link between HIP Hop, politics and Barack Obama as an issue. How Barack Obama got involved Into HIP Hop. The first chapter will give you a short overview about what is Hip Hop and when did it come into existence?The second chapter will outline the roots of political hip-hop. In the last chapter you will get information about how Barack Obama got involved into Hip Hop with the help of media, which artists supported him and spread messages ever Youth, or mentioned his name in their lyrics to make the population of America vote for him during the 2008 election. Examining the song texts you will get an overview about which artist was supportive and which one less. 2. What Is HIP Hop? These words we say, we want yea II to hearWere goanna make a lot of sense- were goanna make It clear These phrases tell the people what Hip Hop is about. In Hip Hop is every word important the artists express themselves by speaking. According to wrath s the Joint: The Hip Hop Reader is rap mostly spoken with a rhythm of bass, drums, and some keyboard sounds. The Hip Hop history started in the early sasss where some of the elements that make up rap music were included in Blues and Jazz. Hip Hop and Rap music became its own music genre in the sasss created by African- Americans and Latino- Americans.It started in the South Bronx of New York where the artists created a beautiful, prideful expression of music, art and dance from a background of poverty. DC s began with scratching records and made rhythms, beats and other sounds. Rap music Is a form of rhymed storytelling accompanied by highly rhythmic, electronically based music. Rappers would speak with the voice of personal experience, From the outset rap music has articulated the pleasures and problems of black urban life In America.In 1982 Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five released the single The Message and Fathers of Hip Hop, Run DMS a group of three men pioneered rap music in the 1980 s. They were the first rappers who got a gold album, a platinum album, a multi- platinum album, a music video on MAT and they were the first rappers seen on TV and who were in several magazines. Since then Hip Hop inspired lots of people all over the world. It is discussed as an art form which includes not Just rap but also: the DC, the emcee, graffiti writing, and break dancing. 3.Political Hip Hop Political Hip Hop can be used as an educational tool and make people think about what is going on in the world. The lyrics often have a political impact which is based on the issues of political economy. But they can also be seen as real-life reflections and draw attention to problems in their country. Political Lyrics can have a lot of political functions. They can stand for public social critique and political discourse. They invite the population to political participation for example: see the political issues and causes or simply go and vote.By promoting particular courses of action they can lead to better social conditions. According to Benefited (2009) is Hip- Hop music political on all different kinds of levels. Politics play an important role in Hip- Hop. Already in 1988 a front man of the rap group Public Enemy said that Hip Hop is the Black CNN. Travis L. Goes(2) says that Hip Hop music was more political in the sasss and sasss and had more political meaningfulness up to the mid sasss. After that gangster rap became more and more popular in the African- American society. Political rap got replaced by pornographic music videos, extreme materialism, individualism, and anti- intellectualism.. . . (3) The shift from Public Enemys Fight The Power (1988) to Snoop Dogs Gin and Juice,(3) was in the mid sasss simply rhyming which was mostly about urban social conditions, being a gangster and violence. In 2008 a lot of hip hop artists stood up for Senator Barack Obama during his campaign which is widely viewed as one of the most successful presidential campaign in U. S. History.They supported him during the election through media, song lyrics and short videos and showed that politics are important. They wanted to move the American population to vote for the first black President. The next pages will give you an overview about Obama becoming the first Hip Hop President. 4. Obama the first Hip Hop President Hip Hop music and the culture got more and more popular outside the Hip Hop community. The artists have been writing songs for a larger audience. The songs are being played in the clubs all over the world even not native speaker of English can understand what it is about.When Hip Hop artists used Obama in their lyrics during the 2008 presidential election the whole world could listen to their music about him on the radio in the clubs or through media, like the internet. In a Youth Interview (4) Barack Obama was asked about his opinion on Hip Hop and rap in 2008. He admitted that he likes Hip Hop especially Jay Z and Kenya West and he likes the art about it but he is concerned about some lyrics where the artists Just rap about material stuff like money, cars and houses.Also they often use the word Niger ND can give a lot to younger people. It is not Just a mirror it should be a reflection, (4) (Obama interview) reflection of life, a message that is spread through music to the younger generation. Barack Obama said that he does not think that the young generation gets their information through the New York Times. It is easier to listen to music which you like and get your information out of it. A lot of artists supported Barack Obama during his election in 2008 also Jay Z, Kenya West, Ill Wayne and Will I am. Will I am made for example a video which you can see on Youth with several artists and celebrities singing the famous mimes We Can slogan and also included elements of Barack Obama s speech. The others made so called mistakes where they made a remix of their songs with Obama and his political afflictions. The most remixed words were change and hope. According to Travis L. Goes they should energize unlikely black voters(5) and identify Obama as meaningfully black by making him an honorary member of the Hip Hop community.The election of Barack Obama as the first black president is an important symbol for the African- American society of America after the Civil rights movement. Some of the Hip Hop artists compare him even to Martin Luther King Jar. And Malcolm X. A vote for Obama is a vote for the important features hope, change and believing The society was however divided. According to Forman, Murray (2010) there were some public concerns about Senator Obama s age and relative inexperience, his lack of political pedigree, and crucially, concerns about his identity as a black man. (6) On the other site these factors were welcomed for the young voters because it was something new. Something they never had before in compare to the standard Laotians. He represents himself with an elegance, intellectual acumen and great rhetorical skills. As an American of mixed race, with black and white ancestry and a foreign and domestic heritage, Obama presents a different face of American politics and a new model of 21st (Forman, Murray 2010) Many people believed that the point of Barack Obama becoming the first black president would even reduce racism because people would have to accept a black president. This is also one reason why Hip Hop artist wanted to help to elect the first black president. They felt honored to rite lyrics about him as the new black hero of the future they wanted to make Beams presidency important. 5. Hip Hops support for Obama This chapter will give you the analysis of the song text by Jay Z My President is black and Ill Wayne s song Barack Obama A Mill (remix) how these two artists supported Barack Obama during his election in 2008. In their lyrics.Jay Gs song starts with the phrase My president is black my Maybe too First of all he is comparing Barack Obama to his car Maybe which is also black. This is even half true because Barack Obama is half black and half white. His father is Kenya and his mother is a white Kansas. Secondly he shows in the first line his materialism which is typical for the new hip hop of the millennium having big cars and spending a lot of money. Obama is a person which is not comparable with a thing in this case a car.In the following lines Jay Z raps about Barack Obama who is black but lives in a white lived in the White House of America. My President Is Black but his house is all white Rosa parks sat so martin Luther could walk martin Luther walked so Barack Obama could run Barack Obama ran so all the children could fly Furthermore he is comparing Obama to Martin Luther King Jar. And Rosa Parks. They were both civil rights activists. Rosa Parks was the first lady of the civil rights movement who did not give up her seat in the Montgomery bus boycott to a white passenger.It was the first resistance against racism and a symbol which was important for the African-American population. Also Martin Luther King Jar. Is a hero for that society. So Barack Obama is the new hero the symbol for African-Americans which should raise them to the next stage. He is like them and thats why they associate him with the words hope and change The last phrase of the citation is about children where Jay Z wants to show that Barack Obama inspired a lot of children to go for better and higher things like education for example.Probably he raps about black children who got inspired by the president since the four phrases are about black people. All in all Jay Z is pointing out that there must be a change you can keep yea puss I dont want no more bush no more war no more Iraq no more white lies the president is black. People got tired about lies of George W. Bush and the Iraq war. Barack Obama should be the new President. Conclusion While Obama is an African-American man, he is not the Lampooning-driving, handgun-toting, sandbagging boy from the hood that these lyrics frequently illustrate.The image he had created for himself as a trustworthy, intelligent man, who would bring political and social change to the United States becomes challenged by hip-hops association with ideals that voters may find unclear and unappealing. This study has found that the words used to describe Obama in hip-hop lyrics are positive sounding and reflect his abilities as a leader and a powerful man. However, the lyrics in which these words are found become problematic as they associate Barack Obama with a culture and lifestyle where he simply does not belong as someone who is campaigning for the United States Presidency.While these songs are written in strong support of Obama as a President, the lyrics do not reflect the general way of life and opinions of the potential voters, and thus the relationship between hip-hop and Obama may be problematic for individuals who support Obama as the next President. The study further established that the number of mimes Obama is mentioned in these song lyrics has little or no effect on the overall message that the artist is attempting to communicate.The most popular words that are found in these songs are also problematic, as the lyrics contained extensive use of provocative and insensitive language. Furthermore, the songs that were analyzed make extensive referrals to stereotypical and clickd images of African-American culture. While this is very common in hip-hop music, it should not be common in songs written about Obama, as it connects his identity as a black man too problematic culture and lifestyle.

White Zombie and The Thing on the Doorstep

White Zombie and The Thing on the Doorstep Introduction The aim of horror films and books is to cause fear and trepidation while at the same time entertaining and fascinating the viewers and readers. This discussion will look at two works of horror fiction, the film White Zombie by Victor Halperin and the tale The Thing on the Doorstep by H.P. Lovecraft. The discussion will explore the similarities and differences between the two works, with regard to the plot, characters, themes, and how these are used to bring about the effect of horror.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on White Zombie and The Thing on the Doorstep specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Discussion White Zombie is the story of a girl’s conversion into a zombie. The film is set in Haiti, the originators of the voodoo culture. Voodoo culture involves the use of black magic to bring the dead back to life as zombies. Neil Parker and Madeleine Short plan to get married, but an affluent Charles Beaum ont sees Madeleine and falls in love with her. Murder Legendre is a master of voodoo cults who with the assistance of his zombie bodyguards steals dead bodies from graves for the cult purposes. Charles seeks Murder’s assistance in order to win Madeleine’s love. Murder tells him that the only way is to turn Madeleine into a zombie through the use of a portion. Charles takes the portion and gives it to Madeleine, who dies shortly after her wedding to Neil. Charles and Murder go to her grave where they resurrect her, but as a zombie. Neil, on finding his wife’s empty grave, seeks help from a missionary, Dr. Bruner, who reveals that Murder has been using black magic to convert many of his enemies into zombies. Charles’ plea to have Murder return Madeleine back to life falls on deaf ears. The portion begins to act on Charles too and he starts transforming into a zombie. Neil and Bruner defeat the zombies at the cliff and when Murder dies, Madeleine leaves her zombie state and returns back to life. On the other hand, The Thing on the Doorstep is a horror tale that tells a zombie story about how Daniel Upton, the narrator, killed his friend Edward Derby, but he claims that he is not a murderer and hopes this story will prove his innocence. Daniel talks about his friend’s life, including his wedding to Asenath Waite. Edward tells Daniel odd stories about his wife and he believes that Ephraim Waite, her dead father, might still be alive. Edward starts having seizures and illogical speech, and in one of these moments, he tells his friend Daniel that Ephraim lives in the body of his wife. Edward visits his friend Daniel and starts ranting about Asenath and Ephraim. Daniel takes him to Arkham Sanitarium, an asylum for insane people. Daniel is called and informed that Edward has been restored to health but he can see that it is not true.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first p aper with 15% OFF Learn More His friend’s behavior looks different. Later, a weird looking creature visits Daniel with a letter from Edward. In the letter, Edward explains that he killed and buried his wife but she possessed his body at the Sanitarium. The messenger on Daniel’s doorstep was actually Edward living in his wife’s corpse. The letter urges Daniel to go to the Sanitarium and kill Edward, which he does. The Thing on the Doorstep was modified into a modern story and a movie produced in 2005. In The Thing on the Doorstep, the story is narrated in first-person. The author creates suspense and tension by divulging scanty details of the terrifying story and leaving the rest to imagination. People are usually scared the most by the unknown because they keep imagining the worst possible scenarios. The readers get the details only through the narrator’s perspective, a mere onlooker, and not the one going through those experiences. Theref ore, he can’t be able to tell the complete details (Giunta par 4). There are several similarities between the two works. Firstly, both works apply the character traits of zombies to create fear. Zombies are imaginary beings, which are portrayed in horror fiction as walking corpses that are senseless. In White Zombie, zombies are portrayed as submissive creatures that are being controlled by human characters. The zombies have a master, Murder Legendre. In The Thing on the door, zombies are beings with power and that control and torment human characters. When Asenath and Ephraim become zombies, they torment Edward. White Zombie and The Thing on the Doorstep are similar in that they are both successful in applying various devices to create the intended motive of horror fiction, which is fear. Another similarity is the element of the voodoo culture of using black magic to bring the dead back to life as zombies. In White Zombie Murder uses black magic to bring Madeleine back to li fe. In The Thing on the Doorstep, both Ephraim and Asenath come back to life and reside in Edward’s body. The director of White Zombie uses horrifying imagery and creepy shadows to cause fear to the viewers. He uses music to create a somber mood to rhyme with the ghostly scenes. In addition, it uses some sounds like the cry of a vulture and squeaking of the grinding mill to frighten the audience (Rhodes and Turner 20). On the other hand, in The Thing on the Doorstep, the author’s description of the messenger at Daniel’s doorstep is very frightening. The creature has peculiar features and it stinks. Also the revelation that that creature was actually his friend Edward is horrendous. The urgency with which the letter implores Daniel to go and kill his friend Edward, who was actually Asenath, is spellbinding. It leaves the reader anxious and thinking of the possible danger that may befall the world if Daniel does not act according to Edward’s instructions.Ad vertising We will write a custom essay sample on White Zombie and The Thing on the Doorstep specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another clear similarity is that both works of fiction were produced in 1930’s, a time at which zombies were beginning to be featured in works of fiction. During this time, zombies were portrayed as brainless creatures that were subject to a master, unlike in the present day films where zombies are depicted as more powerful than human beings and actually eating human flesh and causing a lot of havoc and distress to them. Conclusion The above discussion has done a comparative analysis between White Zombie and The Thing on the Doorstep, two distinctive works of horror fiction that were done in the 1930’s. The discussion has sought to highlight the similarities between these two exceptional pieces of work. Despite the fact that one is a film and another book, these works are analogous in numerous way s, including bringing the effect of fear and horror through the use of zombies. Giunta, Venessa. â€Å"Just Read: The Thing on the Doorstep by H.P. Lovecraft.† WordPress, 2011. venessagiunta.com/02-24-2010/just-read-%E2%80%9Cthe-thing-on-the-doorstep%E2%80%9D-by-h-p-lovecraft/ Rhodes, Gary, and Turner George. White Zombie: Anatomy of a Horror Film. USA: McFarland, 2006. Print

Occupational Folklife Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Occupational Folklife - Assignment Example Partaking in this activity assists us to bond out of the classroom and develop friendly relationships on and off the field too. This helps us to come together as a group and identify as one. The values and skills stressed during the soccer match are those of teamwork, hard work, commitment, and dedication. Each member of the opposing team gets expected to understand the concept of teamwork and how it is vital in helping their team to win and play excellently. Teamwork in soccer is displayed by passing the ball to your teammates and also through attacking or defending against the opposing team as a unit. Each member also has to show dedication and commitment by making time to participate in this activity after class and group work. As members of the group study, we encourage each other to show up for matches and always give our entire effort when playing for our teams. Members encourage each other to dedicate part of their extra time towards playing soccer together. Soccer is a physically demanding game and requires hard work to maintain physical fitness and shape. As a group, we undertake warm-ups and some physical exercises together before playing. By exercising, member s get to ensure their levels of physical fitness are commendable and thus do not strain physically during the match. Through playing soccer as an informal activity, the individual status or ranks within the group become forgotten until the match is over. The activity helps the group to bond and relate to each other as team members and friends on a casual basis. Soccer assists the group members to relate to each other on a friendly level where we share a joke about each other or let loose of the seriousness that comes from knowing each other on our academic levels. Group members do not mind about their academic performances’ while on the field playing, but rather become focused on assisting their teams to win.  

Nursing Theory Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing Theory - Term Paper Example This essay discusses that King’s theory of goal attainment emphasizes upon the objectives which influence the relationship between a patient and a nurse. The underlying assumption on which this theory is based is that both the patient and the nurse interact with each other in the capacity of human beings. The two are open systems each of which intermingles with the environment as well. The theory of goal attainment is a systems model type of theory whose conceptual framework was retrieved from three fundamental systems of dynamic interaction, namely the social, interpersonal and personal interacting system. Because of its tendency to impact the behavior, perception is given extreme importance in the personal system. The reaction of groups or individuals gave rise to the interpersonal systems. King’s theory of goal attainment is quite relevant and applicable today. This theory highlights some key facts that are intuitively known by both the nurse and the patient. Interpe rsonal communication between the nurse and the patient is crucial for favorable results of the nursing practice. This theory analyzes the relationship between the nurse and the patient on three levels of social, interpersonal and personal interaction. The three jointly describe the interaction completely. Although the contemporary age is characterized by digital technology, which is frequently made use of by the nurse to interact with the patient, though the variables discussed in the King’s theory apply just as well as they do in verbal communication. The Division of Nursing is directed at providing the nursing care recipients with high quality of health care. Faculty achieves this through their research, teaching and community’s service. Nurses create their individualistic stance upon the health and life using a wide array of interpersonal relationships. The integration of intellectual, spiritual, physical and cultural elements facilitates this process. Both nurse an d the patient are influenced both externally and internally by a myriad of physical, social and biological components of the environment. Health is the name of an individual’s social, physical and spiritual well being. Nursing, on the other hand, is a field in which the professional counsels the patient in such a way that his/her health is restored. The most fundamental element of nursing is the care of patients. In order to facilitate optimal well being of the patient, the nurse works in an independent setting, though the environmental factors do govern the attitudes of both the nurse and the patient. King’s theory of goal attainment compares well with the philosophy of the Division of Nursing in that both acknowledge the significance of environmental factors upon the interaction between the nurse and the patient. Nevertheless, King’s theory places more emphasis upon the personal system while depicting the behavior of either of the two parties involved in the p rocess whereas the Division of Nursing makes a generic approach towards it by giving equal importance to each of the several components constituting the environment. My personal theory of nursing is that nurses maintain a caring relationship with the patients, irrespective of the theories of nursing. Nurses know their work. Nevertheless, their practice is consistent with the theories of nursing in general, and King’s theory of goal attainment in particular. I believe that factors affecting a nurse’s behavior and perceptions about the patient vary from one nurse to another. This is, to much an extent, an outcome of the way an individual thinks and the ideology of an individual. Since people vary in their opinions and ideologies, it is not quite reasonable to standardize the personal interacting system as the fundamental determinant of a nurse’s perceptions. King’s theory of goal attainment is relevant across the span of nursing practices because it tends t o explain some of the most fundamental concepts involved in the practice. As I said, I believe that one formula does not work for every individual because an

The different between prophet Moses in the Quran and in the Bible Essay

The different between prophet Moses in the Quran and in the Bible - Essay Example In spite of the similarity in terms of citing Moses in the two texts, the Qur’an and the Bible have still varied narrations concerning the prophet-messenger’s life and miracles. This paper discusses the differences in picturing out Moses between the Qur’an text and the Bible text. It examines their variations with respect to the prophet’s (1) birth, (2) encountering the burning bush, (3) facing the Pharaoh, (4) dividing the Red Sea, (5) striking the rock, and (6) reaction to Israelite’s idolatry. First, the Qur’an and the Bible have different detailed narratives concerning the birth of Moses. In the Qur’an, for instance, the text informs its readers that it was Allah who instructed the mother of Musa (Islam’s name for Moses) to cast him onto the river water. In the Bible, however, the text suggests that it was the mother of the said prophet who decided to hide Moses for three months since she â€Å"saw him that he was a goodly child† (Ben-Chanan 103). Here, the main difference between the two texts under discussion is the decision-maker who opted on what to do with the prophet-child. It must be remembered that the historical circumstance in which the baby Moses was born was that every Hebrew male child must be put to death by the order of the Egyptian pharaoh himself. Both the Qur’an and the Bible appear to support, although implied, this historical account. In the former (i.e., in Sura), the words of Firon’s wife -- Islam’s Firon is equivalent to Christian’s Pharaoh -- are strongly indicative: â€Å"[D]o not slay him [i.e., Musa]† (qtd. in Ben-Chanan 100). And in the latter (i.e., in Exodus), the words of Moses’ mother is clearly suggestive: â€Å"hid him three months† (qtd. in Ben-Chanan 101). The term â€Å"hid† implies danger for someone’s life, otherwise, there is no need for hiding that person from the sight of the enemy. Further, the Qur’an and the Bible significantly differ from the account pertaining to the woman who adopted baby Moses. In the Qur’an text, the woman who took Moses as her own child was the wife of Firon. In the Bible, on the other hand, the woman who adopted the prophet-child was the daughter of the Pharaoh. Moreover, the Qur’an narrates Firon’s wife as uttering the line â€Å"do not slay him† while the Bible speaks of the Pharaoh’s daughter saying â€Å"she had compassion on him.† That is to say, the two texts also vary on the impression made by the woman who adopted the prophet-child. Second, the two texts in question have varied narratives concerning Moses’ experienced with the burning bush. In the Qur’an, for example, the text speaks of Musa being with his family at the time when he saw the fire. According to the Bible, however, Moses was alone by himself when he sighted the burning bush (Ben-Chanan 114). Thence, the differe nce between the two texts is the company or solitude that the said prophet was with or without. Also, the Qur’an names the place in which Musa was standing on the sacred ground with the burning bush as Tuva Valley while the Bible names the location as Horeb (Ben-Chanan 114). It appears that the two place-names are far from similar, thus, the two texts vary from their accounts of the terrain wherein the prophet was standing on the holy ground: one is in the valley while the other is on the mountain. Moreover, the Qur’an and the Bible have different stories pertaining to the role of Aaron in Moses’

Classical Music From 1760 To 1810

Classical Music From 1760 To 1810 Why is the music of 1760-1810 described as classical. Explain the meaning of the term and how it relates to the music of that time. Refer to specific composers and works. In musical context, the term classical refers to the classical period which falls between the Baroque and Romantic period. I am going to be looking at the most well known composers of this era (J. Haydn, W.A. Mozart L.V Beethoven) and analyse how their music differentiates from that of the Baroque period and how it led into the Romantic era. Starting from c.1760, the first composer I will be looking at is Haydn. At the time when the influence of church on music development was diminishing, Haydn was lucky enough to be employed by one rich family of the Austrian Empire. This proved rewarding, as it gave him the freedom to explore many different aspects of music, which led to his crucial role in the establishment of the key classical forms (such as the Symphony, the String Quartet, the Sonata and the Concerto). Although versions of all these existed, Haydn standardized these into well established musical forms and promoted them. Due to the many operas in which he wrote before this period, Haydn was well acquainted with the sinfonia form. However he was not content with adhering to this Italian model and the striving for originality (which led to the success of his career) became apparent in his works from 1761. He added two oboes, two horns to his first symphony. The wind parts show nothing unexpected, while the oboes often double the strings. The horns play fan-far like figures. The melody is divided between the violins (treated as if the work were a trio sonata) although often they play in unison. The lower strings are bound together almost entirely as their function is to provide harmony while maintaining a forward driving rhythm. There are many baroque features, as to be expected. When Haydn ran the Esterhazy orchestra during the 1760s he had the opportunity to experiment with symphonic writing, and it was during this decade there where he produced his first great symphonies. Over these 10 years, he wrote approximately 40 symphonies, around half of which followed a four-movement form with an added minuet as the third movement. He also composed a long list of works in other genres, including operas, oratorios and choral works. Specifically referring to his first set of symphonies , (No.6 Le Matin, 7 Le Midi, and 8 Le Soir), Haydn used a variety of stylistic influences. The most evident quality of these works is their added richness (compared to the first symphony he wrote), which is not from the use of novel or unexpected instruments, but from the utilization of the concerto principle within the symphonic framework. In some movements the strings are scored as ripieno with a concertino of two violins and a cello. In almost all movements the wind players depart from the role of sustaining harmonies to become soloists. In all three symphonies, the trio of the minuet movement contains a prominent part for the double bass recalling baroque practices in the concerto grosso; yet Haydn, using the standard combination of flutes, oboes, bassoons, horns, and strings, creates a modern orchestra which are retained and used by him in his later symphonies. Haydns main intention at this time seemed to be the virtuosity of his musicians, as each of these three symphonies abounds prominent solos from almost every section. Haydns efforts to standardize the type of symphony proved successful and for that must be credited with the far-reaching innovation of adding one of the Dance forms as a separate movement (most commonly a Minuet although only used from the third symphony and thereafter). This was the most consistent design for a scholastic and artistic style of the Symphony. By the early 1770s, Haydn was well known throughout Europe and in 1781 his symphonies were published in England for the first time. One problem that Haydn gave his immediate attention to was that of unifying thematic material, it is out of such attempts his great innovation of the 1780s were evolved. Sometimes Haydn would base a whole movement upon a single melodic fragment; more often, when decided harmonic contrasts exist between theme groups, the second theme is derived from the first. Haydn seems to have not appreciated, in these early works, the importance that he would later be attached to just the element he tried to expunge, namely, the element of thematic contrast or conflict. Even in his later works the contrasts were seldom as clearly established as in the compositions of Mozart and early Beethoven. Thematic contrast is missing almost entirely in Symphonies No.3-42 (1759-1771), and lyric themes, such as occur in Mozart repeatedly, are equally rare. Haydn was well known throughout Europe when Mozart was a child. His six string quartets (often referred to as the Sun quartets) were written in 1772 and are said to be the inspiration for the six string quartets that Mozart wrote during his 1773 visit to Vienna. Haydn developed the polyphonic techniques he had gathered from the previous era to provide structural coherence capable of holding together his melodic ideas. During this time, Mozart developed an enthusiasm for violin concertos, producing a series of five which increase in their musical sophistication and technical difficulty. In 1776, he turned his efforts to piano concertos and in early 1777 his E-flat concerto was so popular, it is now considered to be his breakthrough work. It was around 1783-84 that Mozart met Haydn in Vienna when Mozarts reputation was on the rise. His opera the abduction from the seraglio had premiered with great success in Vienna and was in the process of being performed in many other cities. Mozarts Haydn quartets were written during the early years of their friendship and were published in 1785. These works are thought to be stylistically influenced by Haydns Opus 33 series which were released in 1781. This series was Haydns next important breakthrough, where melodic and harmonic roles segue among the instruments and often it is unclear what is melody and what is harmony. While Haydn spent much of his working life as a court composer, Mozart wanted public success in the concert life. This meant opera, in a virtuoso style. Moreover, Mozart also had a taste for chromatic harmony (and greater contrasts in harmonic language generally). In Mozart, Haydn found a greater range of instrumentation, dramatic effect and melodic writing. Their learning relationship worked both ways. Mozarts works, like Haydns stand as an archetype of the classical period. He was a versatile composer, and wrote in every major genre (symphony, opera, solo concerto, chamber music and the piano sonata). These forms had been well established by Haydn, but Mozart advanced the technical sophistication and emotional reach of them all. He almost solely developed and popularized the Classical piano concerto. The main features of the classical style are all present in Mozarts music. Clarity, balanced phrases, and transparency are the hallmarks of his works, but any simplistic notion of delicacy masks the exception power and force of his finest masterpieces, such as his Piano Concerto No.24 in C minor, his Symphony No.40 in G minor and the opera Don Giovanni. During Mozarts last decade as a composer, he exploited the use of chromatic harmony with remarkable confidence, which was rare at the time, but with great effect. At the peak of the classical period, composers were faced with a dilemma: enlarging the classical forms or simply abandoning them for a new musical paradigm. The political and social context around this time was calling for a major reshape of musical expression. When the age of revolutions began in 1789, the growing role of middle-class saw an increasing involvement by a new generation of artists and composers and this was reflected in the music that they wrote. Amongst this new generation of composers was Beethoven, who was the most crucial figure in this transitional period between the Classical and Romantic period, specifically his early years, which is known as his heroical period (up to 1812). From Beethovens first set of three piano trios, some of Mozarts techniques are evident such as avoiding the expected cadence. Haydn and Mozart were his strongest influences, but he explored new directions and gradually expended the ambition in his works. He did this through a number of techniques: a downward shift in melodies, increasing durations of movements, and the shift from vocal writing to pianistic writing. Also the increasing importance of varying accompanying figures to bring texture forward as an element in music became evident in his Symphonies. Slowly, direct influences of the Baroque period continued to fade: the figured bass grew less prominent as a means of holding performance together. The late classical period was demanding music that was internally more complex. The growth of concert societies and orchestras, marking the importance of music as a part of the middle class lifestyle, contributed to a booming market for pianos, piano music, and virtuosi. Furthermore, due to the growing number of performances where the composer was not present, it led to increased detail and specificity in scores. The transition became apparent with Beethovens 3rd Symphony (written in 1804), given the name Eroica which s Italian for Heroic. As with Stravinskys Rite of Spring, it may not have been the first in all f its innovations, but its aggressive use of every part of the classical style set it apart from its contemporary works: in length, ambition, and harmonic resources. Conclusion During the Vienna years, when Mozart was influenced by Swieten to take up the study of Baroque counterpoint, Haydn loaned him his personal copy of a textbook by Fux, a copy which was heaFux, a copy which was heavily covered with Haydns personal annotations.

Sleep :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Sleep Sleep is my favorite thing in life. My first waking thought is usually "when will I be able to sleep again?" But why do I love to sleep? What goes on behind my closed eyelids and what does sleep do for me? As early as 350 BC, Aristotle pondered the state of sleep: "With regard to sleep and waking, we must consider what they are: whether they are peculiar to soul or to body, or common to both." Researchers are still engaged in investigating the complexities of sleep. To answers these questions, I turned to the Internet for help. After an exhausting search, weeding through web pages designed for the average insomniac looking for a quick fix to his/her troubles, and technical research papers discussing the specifics of neurobiological functions, I found some helpful writings. What is known is that sleep is founded on patterns of bodily functions and brain activity. While we are asleep, our brains exhibit distinct and separate stages of activity. This paper will discuss the basic pattern s and stages of sleep within humans and the functions of each stage. This introduction to sleep will serve as the basis for further research later in the semester. Sleep follows distinct patterns throughout the day. Circadian rhythms are daily cycles of biological activity which mediate many of our metabolic functions. Blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature and hormonal secretions ebb and flow throughout the day in a cyclic pattern, often referred to as the "biological clock". These rhythms are controlled by the superchaismatic nucleus region of the hypothalamus, which relies on both internal timing mechanisms within specific neurons as well as outside influences to set this clock. The biological clock is kept running by "zeitbergers", that is, any input to the brain such as daylight, the smell of food, or temperature change. Sleep cycles follow our circadian rhythms. It has been found that the natural hormone melatonin plays a large part in mediating sleep. As darkness falls, enzymes in the brain stimulate the release of melatonin from the pineal gland in the brain. Melatonin induces sleep by influencing the superchiasmatic nucleus. The release of melatonin is halted when daylight arrives, and we experience wakefulness. Other mediators such as seratonin, prolactin and prostaglandin have also been linked to the sleep cycle, but their exact role is unclear. Upon falling asleep, the brain and body go through five stages of sleep in one sleep cycle.

American Popular Culture

What is popular American culture? Popular culture is a way of life. It’s a lifestyle of a group of people. The elements of everyday life consist of popular culture. These are the artifacts, institutions, and sorts of a general knowledge of a society, the common knowledge and practices of a specific group at a specific time. Popular culture reflects and influences people’s way of life because it is related to a precise time and place. It is temporary, and new phases take over from former favorites like singers, musicians, artists, media authors. But popular culture is all over the world nowadays. It is almost everything that surrounds us in our society today. It slowly builds up and becomes habits on what we do as we see. Some patterns in my pop culture inventory include photography, films, magazines and cell phones. I simply love photography with the fact that I have many photographer friends. Their photos inspire me in many different ways, such as the outlook to life in an image, the insight of a person through a glimpse of a shadow and such. Films complete me in today’s pop culture. It makes me realize more about life then pop culture itself. Magazines show me the kind of entertainment and celebrities we are surrounded by. It also shows how popularity comes first in today’s society, for almost about everyone. And cell phones are something not many people can survive without in today’s world. It’s the fastest source of communication. The values in which are being communicated by the items listed in my inventory are relevant to society. Photography can change a person’s view on life. Its actions that take place, through different angles, shows you a different look on life, by just looking at one photograph. You do need to let yourself away from the world and get in touch with the picture itself, that is how I see it. Films, movies, shows is the one category that I do follow up in today’s pop culture. Not necessarily all genres of films. I love action, drama, romance and just perfectly made fairytales. I have always believed that movies have an enormous influence in our society and life. The meaning and main plots of each and every movie mean something, weather it may be stupid or a life lesson, there are so many different minded people in the world today that each and every meaning counts. Films are very convenient in today’s society I believe. Magazines, though, may not be fully true about the popular celebrities today, but it definitely shows a lot with its images. The writings may be false, but it certainly shows us the image and lets us decide on our own. It’s a big pleasure to see and decide for yourself. Cell phones are today’s highest communication factor. There are new kinds of cell phones out every other month. The technology is on 24/7 producing newer brands of cell phones and upgrading the old ones. There are people that live off their cell phone, that they cannot take a step out of the house without their cell phone. It’s a responsibility for them. American pop culture does not leave much of an impact on my personal decision making. Because of the fact that I don’t listen to pop culture when it comes to my personal decisions. I have my own values about everything in my life. I don’t let the pop culture decide for me because I believe pop culture is all surrounded by materialism and popularity. I come to believe and realize that today’s pop culture can be the result of most of today’s bad behavior in many aspects of people’s lives. My values come within my culture and from the way that I have been raised. Pop culture has never had an impact on my own personal decision making because I have been very aware of the influence of the pop culture for many years. While popular American culture is our daily cost, we as individuals always have a choice in how much we choose to participate. Most of the time as I make decisions, I do take into consideration of what is going on today, but never let it lead me to an influence to follow in its steps. The patterns in my pop culture inventory teach me something in my life. It influences me to the right roads. It also makes me see realize what I am being surrounded by today. As for my personal decision making, I do what I want to do, when I want to do and who I want to do it with, but never what the media presents.

Free Essays on Themes Of Japanese Religion

Japanese Religious History 1: Earhart’s six themes attempt to explain the established Japanese world view, which is a perception of the world gathered through experience and memory of experience. In Japan, being religious is being Japanese, and Earhart’s themes are an understanding of the religious dimensions of the Japanese people’s cultural identity. The closeness of human beings, Gods, and nature is the thickest thread in Japan’s religious tapestry. Perhaps it is because of the awe-inspiring landscape of the island nation and its early dependency on the land through fishing and agriculture that brought the Japanese people to a harmonious state with nature and the Gods. However deplorable comparisons may be, they do serve a purpose in experiential understanding through comparison to personal knowledge. In a sense, the inclusive idea of kami is similar to some Native American tribes’ relationships with the land and the inherent sacredness they realized through their understanding and dependency in their traditional physical connection to the land. The unity between people, nature, and the divine is a prominent theme of Japanese religion. The religious character of the family is also an important theme, considering the home is the center of religious devotion, and the family is the most important social and religious institution. The family connection is significant for maintaining the practice of rituals honoring ancestral spirits and providing solidity for religious activity. If religious devotion is dependent on the family unit, then the religious character of the family is a necessary theme to provide a world view. Moreover, the family is typically the center of social unity in most cultures, especially in regards to religious devotion and worship, so their influence and involvement in the themes to understand religion in Japan is obvious. The significance of purification, rituals, and charms and local fe... Free Essays on Themes Of Japanese Religion Free Essays on Themes Of Japanese Religion Japanese Religious History 1: Earhart’s six themes attempt to explain the established Japanese world view, which is a perception of the world gathered through experience and memory of experience. In Japan, being religious is being Japanese, and Earhart’s themes are an understanding of the religious dimensions of the Japanese people’s cultural identity. The closeness of human beings, Gods, and nature is the thickest thread in Japan’s religious tapestry. Perhaps it is because of the awe-inspiring landscape of the island nation and its early dependency on the land through fishing and agriculture that brought the Japanese people to a harmonious state with nature and the Gods. However deplorable comparisons may be, they do serve a purpose in experiential understanding through comparison to personal knowledge. In a sense, the inclusive idea of kami is similar to some Native American tribes’ relationships with the land and the inherent sacredness they realized through their understanding and dependency in their traditional physical connection to the land. The unity between people, nature, and the divine is a prominent theme of Japanese religion. The religious character of the family is also an important theme, considering the home is the center of religious devotion, and the family is the most important social and religious institution. The family connection is significant for maintaining the practice of rituals honoring ancestral spirits and providing solidity for religious activity. If religious devotion is dependent on the family unit, then the religious character of the family is a necessary theme to provide a world view. Moreover, the family is typically the center of social unity in most cultures, especially in regards to religious devotion and worship, so their influence and involvement in the themes to understand religion in Japan is obvious. The significance of purification, rituals, and charms and local fe...

Free Essays on Hamlet King Of Denmark

Hamlet-King of Denmark Hamlet is a young man in conflict with his emotions during the speech in Act 1 Scene 2. He feels emotionally devastated by the death of his father, the remarriage of his mother and the circumstances that now surround him. Hamlet feels torn between what he believes is morally right and good and what he feels would be the answer to relieving his angst-suicide. [â€Å"Or that the Everlasting had not fixed his Canon ‘gainst self-slaughter O’God, God, how weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable seems to me all the uses in this world†] Hamlet is furious with his mother, for being married. He finds it difficult to understand how she could have cried so many tears over the death of his father, and then so soon after that time, marry his Uncle. [â€Å"Why, she would hang on him as if increase of appetite had grown by what it fed on, and yet within a month-let me not thinkon ‘t; frailty, thy name is woman†] The rub with Hamlet is that his mother and father seemed happily married, and then after the father’s death, she is taken so easily to marrying the Uncle. The fact that she married the Uncle does not seem as upsetting to Hamlet, as the fact that she did so soon after the father’s death. This to Hamlet is unacceptable. He cannot imagine his mother having the strength or desire to get married, if she felt as devastated by his father's death as he does. These feelings are difficult for Hamlet to work through, and it seems that somehow it would be a relief to know his mother too was devastated and sad. [â€Å"A little month, or ere those shoes were old with which she followed my poor father’s body, like Nioke, all tears, why she, even she, O’ God a beast, that wants discourse of reason, would have mourned long-married with my Uncle†] I think the biggest issue for Hamlet during this part of the play is that he is sad, angry and feels like his life as he knew it has been forever changed. He is angry with ... Free Essays on Hamlet King Of Denmark Free Essays on Hamlet King Of Denmark Hamlet-King of Denmark Hamlet is a young man in conflict with his emotions during the speech in Act 1 Scene 2. He feels emotionally devastated by the death of his father, the remarriage of his mother and the circumstances that now surround him. Hamlet feels torn between what he believes is morally right and good and what he feels would be the answer to relieving his angst-suicide. [â€Å"Or that the Everlasting had not fixed his Canon ‘gainst self-slaughter O’God, God, how weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable seems to me all the uses in this world†] Hamlet is furious with his mother, for being married. He finds it difficult to understand how she could have cried so many tears over the death of his father, and then so soon after that time, marry his Uncle. [â€Å"Why, she would hang on him as if increase of appetite had grown by what it fed on, and yet within a month-let me not thinkon ‘t; frailty, thy name is woman†] The rub with Hamlet is that his mother and father seemed happily married, and then after the father’s death, she is taken so easily to marrying the Uncle. The fact that she married the Uncle does not seem as upsetting to Hamlet, as the fact that she did so soon after the father’s death. This to Hamlet is unacceptable. He cannot imagine his mother having the strength or desire to get married, if she felt as devastated by his father's death as he does. These feelings are difficult for Hamlet to work through, and it seems that somehow it would be a relief to know his mother too was devastated and sad. [â€Å"A little month, or ere those shoes were old with which she followed my poor father’s body, like Nioke, all tears, why she, even she, O’ God a beast, that wants discourse of reason, would have mourned long-married with my Uncle†] I think the biggest issue for Hamlet during this part of the play is that he is sad, angry and feels like his life as he knew it has been forever changed. He is angry with ...

Managing performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing performance - Essay Example At the forefront of issues and challenges that many if not all great companies of the 21st century are confronted all pertain to its workforce particularly the areas of discipline and efficiency. Much has been undertaken and usually at great expense to effectively manage discipline and employee productivity. The fundamental principle in managing companies big or small is to manage a company’s performance you have to manage the performance of its employees, officials, supervisors and managers. This leads to the question what is managing performance? Most if not all views and general opinion regarding this idea all refer to the handling as to how a company’s ability to meet its goals. This is usually forwarded by looking into the nature as well as objectives of its employees to better motivate them as well to make the company’s part of their long term goals. To an extent â€Å"performance management includes activities to ensure that goals are consistently being met in an effective and efficient manner† (McNamara, n.d.). It must be noted that the underlying fact is to be able to attain this by improving as well effectively managing the human element in a corporate setup. To arrive at a better characterization of managing performance it needs to put into context the said term in relation to the main focus of this paper. Moreover due to the complexity, multi – dimensional and multi level nature of managing performance it is necessary to narrow dow n any and all succeeding expositions. This in no way set to underscore the fact that all that the term managing performance encompasses as well as all the attached disciplines as well as topic areas are equally important. The point is to have focus as well as a refined discussion of managing performance in the context of this paper. Due to the explanative necessities of this paper the fundamental questions will also serve as the main objectives of the paper’s discussion. Moreover main discussion

Environmental Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environmental Geology - Essay Example As the tectonic activity continued during next several million years the initial rock had influenced a series of future changes as the empty cracks in the rock were again filled with liquid magma, which later formed crystal fractions inside the granite mass. The irregular and wavy structure of granite rock witnesses for tectonic and geological activity at the primary stage of rock formation, when the future granite formation was under a high temperature and was plastic for deformations. The motion of tectonic plates and elevation caused wavy structure. Besides it was prompted by changing climate and outside physical influence such as weathering and changing temperature regime. The second unit of the outcrop is represented by sandstone which is a sedimentary rock. The presence of sandstone witnesses for the absence of serious tectonic and geological changes in later geological epochs. The next geological periods in this outcrop starting from Triassic and up to Jurassic in Mesozoic era are characterized by the presence of sea life in that region. It means that the territories taken by magmatic and granite deposits were gradually flooded by sea waters. These were the conditions essential for the future forming of sandstone as the waters brought a lot of sedimentary rocks and sand to that territory. During million years these sedimentary rocks and sand were concentrating and under the high pressure they turned into solid rock such as sandstone which on the hand with sand particles contains a reasonable amount of cement which glued sand and turned it into concrete structure. The upper stratum gradually changes into marl. Marl stratum was formed by sedimentary particles which on the hand with sand particles included clay particles and calcium carbonate particles. During million years of depositing and under a pressure these particles transformed into a solid rock formed predominantly by clay and CaCO3 elements called marl. The presence of sand and clay witness that this stratum was formed during Mesozoic era. The last stratum represented by limestone also witnesses that the territory of outcrop was still occupied by water and that it was rich in the sea life. The limestone stratum was formed by sea organisms which could take dissolved calcium salts from the seawater. CaCO3 was a fundamental structure of their shells and skeletons and after millions years of high pressure and depositing it turned into limestone. Task 2 To the north from North-American platform there is situated a wide zone of Alpine suture represented by the Rocky Mountains and Cordeliers. This zone is characterized by tectonic and mobility of quasi-planar zones, which existed from prehistorically times as there existed such sutures as Hercinian, Caledonian and Cambrian. In Mesozoic era the Western part of North America also continued to experience tectonic movement conditions and besides there existed two zones of flexure where depositing of precipitation occurred: one of them occupied the stripe of the Rocky mountains from Alaska in the north to Colorado plateau in the south and another one stretched from Aleut islands through cascade mountains in Canada and Sierra-Nevada in the USA. Between these two flexure zones there was formed a zone which experienced little flexure.